Android (operating system)
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Android
Home screen di layed by Samsung
with Google, ru ing
Programmed in
(core),
Working state
Current
Source model
(3.0-3.2 is closed source)
Initial release
21 October 2008
 (
2008-10-21
Tablets:
3.2 (Honeycomb)
Phones:
2.3.5 (Gingerbread) / 25 July 2011
; 7 days ago
 (
2011-07-25
Su orted platforms
Default
2.0 before 3.0, closed source for 3.0 and 3.1,
patches are under
Official we ite
Android
that includes an
and key
purchased the initial developer of the software, Android Inc., in 2005.
Android's
is based on the
. Google and other members of the
collaborated on Android's development and release.
The Android Open Source Project (AOSP) is tasked with the maintenance and further development of Android.
Android was listed as the best-selling
platform world-wide in Q4 2010 by
Android has a large community of developers writing
("a ") that extend the functionality of the devices. There are currently more than 250,000 a available for Android.
is the online a store run by Google, though a can also be downloaded from
. Developers write primarily in the
, controlling the device via Google-developed Java libraries.
The unveiling of the Android distribution on 5 November 2007 was a ounced with the founding of the
, a co ortium of 80
companies devoted to advancing
for mobile devices.
Google released most of the Android code under the
The Android open-source software stack co ists of
ru ing on a Java-based,
on top of
ru ing on a
featuring
. Libraries written in C include the surface manager, OpenCore
relational
graphics engine,
Contents
History
Founded in 2003
Android, Inc. was founded in
, United States in October, 2003 by
(co-founder of
(co-founder of Wildfire Communicatio , Inc.),
Nick Sears (once VP at
and Chris White (headed design and interface development at
to develop, in Rubin's words "...smarter mobile devices that are more aware of its owner's location and preferences."
De ite the obvious past accomplishments of the founders and early employees, Android Inc. operated secretively, revealing only that it was working on software for mobile phones.
Acquisition by Google
Android Inc. in August 2005, making Android Inc. a wholly owned su idiary of
Key employees of Android Inc., including Andy Rubin, Rich Miner and Chris White, stayed at the company after the acquisition.
Not much was known about Android Inc. at the time of the acquisition, but many a umed that Google was pla ing to enter the
market with this move.
Development accelerates
At Google, the team led by Rubin developed a mobile device platform powered by the
. Google marketed the platform to handset makers and
on the premise of providing a flexible, upgradable system. Google had lined up a series of hardware component and software partners and signaled to carriers that it was open to various degrees of cooperation on their part.
Speculation about Google's intention to enter the mobile communicatio market continued to build through December 2006.
Reports from the
noted that Google wanted its search and a licatio on mobile phones and it was working hard to deliver that. Print and online media outlets soon reported rumors that Google was developing a Google-branded
Some eculated that as Google was defining technical ecificatio , it was showing prototypes to cell phone manufacturers and network operators.
In September 2007,
covered an
study reporting that Google had filed several
a licatio in the area of mobile telephony.
Open Handset Alliance
Main article:
"Today's a ouncement is more ambitious than any single 'Google Phone' that the pre has been eculating about over the past few weeks. Our vision is that the powerful platform we're unveiling will power thousands of different phone models."
former Google Chairman/CEO
On November 5, 2007, the
of several companies which include
unveiled itself. The goal of the Open Handset Alliance is to develop
for mobile devices.
On the same day, the Open Handset Alliance also unveiled their first product, Android, a mobile device
built on the
version 2.6.
On December 9, 2008, 14 new members joined, including
Lice ing
With the exception of brief update periods, Android has been available under a
/open source lice e since October, 21 2008. Google published the entire
(including network and telephony stacks)
under an
Google also kee the reviewed i ues list publicly open for anyone to see and comment.
Even though the software is open-source, device manufacturers ca ot use Google's Android trademark unle Google certifies that the device complies with their Compatibility Definition Document (CDD). Devices must also meet this definition to be eligible to lice e Google's closed-source a licatio , including the Android Market.
In September 2010,
filed a lawsuit agai t Google in which they alleged that Google had used the compatibility document to block Skyhook's mobile positioning service (XPS) from Motorola's Android mobile devices.
In December 2010 a judge denied Skyhook's motion for preliminary injunction, saying that Google had not closed off the po ibility of accepting a revised version of Skyhook's XPS service, and that Motorola had terminated their contract with Skyhook because Skyhook wanted to disable Google's location data collection functio on Motorola's devices, which would have violated Motorola's obligatio to Google and its carriers.
In early 2011, Google chose to temporarily withhold the source code to the tablet-only Honeycomb release, which called into question the "open-ne " of this Android release.
The reason, according to
in an official Android blog post, was because Honeycomb was rushed for production of the Motorola Xoom,
and they didn't want third parties creating a "really bad user experience" by attempting to put onto smartphones a version of Android intended for tablets.
Google later confirmed that the Honeycomb source code would not be released until after it was merged with the Gingerbread release in Ice Cream Sandwich.
Version history
Main article:
Android has seen a number of updates since its original release. These updates to the base
typically fix
and add new features. Generally, each new version of the Android operating system is developed under a code name based on a de ert item. Past updates included Cupcake and Donut. The code names are in alphabetical order (Cupcake, Donut, Eclair, Froyo, Gingerbread, Honeycomb, and the upcoming Ice Cream Sandwich). Below is a list of the most recent versio , and what they include:
2.0 (Eclair)
included a new web browser, with a new user interface and su ort for
and the
. It also included an enhanced camera a with features like digital zoom, flash, color effects, and more.
2.1 (Eclair)
included su ort for voice controls throughout the entire OS. It also included a new launcher, with 5 homescree i tead of 3, animated backgrounds, and a button to open the menu (i tead of a slider). It also included a new weather a , and improved functionality in the Email and Phonebook a .
2.2 (Froyo)
introduced eed improvements with
optimization and the
, and added Wi-Fi hot ot
and Adobe Flash su ort
2.3 (Gingerbread)
refined the user interface, improved the soft keyboard and copy/paste features, and added su ort for
3.0 (Honeycomb)
was a tablet-oriented
release which su orts larger screen devices and introduces many new user interface features, and su orts multicore proce ors and hardware acceleration for graphics.
The Honeycomb SDK has been released and the first device featuring this version, the
tablet, went on sale in February 2011.
3.1 (Honeycomb)
was a ounced at the 2011
on 10 May 2011.
3.2 (Honeycomb)
is "an incremental release that adds several new capabilities for users and developers." Highlights include optimization for a broader range of screen size new "zoom-to-fill" screen compatibility mode; capability to load media files directly from the SD card; and an extended screen su ort API, providing developers with more precise control over the UI.
Below is a list of future releases that have been a ounced:
4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich)
is said to be a combination ofTable of Contents
las originales en e aol
About 9 months ago.
PFA conference slides tra lated to english
About 9 months ago.
PhpForAndroid-APK 0.3 released.
About 9 months, 1 week ago.
which provides
is the company behind this project.
View more
Su cribe to PhpForAndroid discu ion group
E-mail:
I ue tracker (problems and feature requests) :
Besides, a few wiki pages have a comment system at the bottom (this one e.g).
is a Google-mantained project which “brings scripting languages to Android by allowing you to edit and execute scripts and interactive interpreters directly on the Android device”.
PhpForAndroid-APK provides
min: Android
Enable “Unknown Sources” under A lication settings.
Don't have barcode reader? Click
SL4A only comes with a shell interpreter by default.
Don't have barcode reader? Click
Once i talled, run it and tap on “I tall”.
Reference is your friend :
SL4A allows you to add or edit scripts on your mobile.
“allow_url_include” is On by default so you can include your code easily.
Include your own internet publicly available script.
You'll find an already i talled php script called “test.php”:
require_once(Android.ph quot;);
include(http://phpforandroid.net/files/testnow.php.txt); // .txt extention required to prevent parsing
TODO Tell about remote, using
We're working in a manual with all this information and more:
Check out our
for easy i tallation on your terminals.
Fill the following survey:
or leave a comment with the following info: brand, model, android version and a brief text with the problem.
or join the pfa group and tell us. start.txt Last modified: 2010/10/31 17:49 by admin